タグ: indirect object

Yesterday, we learned the verb “Agemasu” that is one of “Giving/Receiving verbs”. An example is as below;

1. Watashi wa Satou-san ni Hana o Agemasu. (I give Ms. Sato flowers.)

The sentence 1 is a verb predicate sentence, and its verb is “Agemasu” which is a transitive verb and also one of “Giving/Receiving verbs”. Usually in a sentence of “Giving/Receiving verbs”, two particles “o” and “ni” are used. The particle “o” is for direct object, and “ni” for indirect object. And sentence construction is as below;

2. [Subject] wa [Indirect Object] ni [Direct object] o [Giving/Receiving verb] masu.

And most of the time 2 can be;

2’. [Subject] wa [Person] ni [Thing] o [Giving/Receiving verb] masu.

So, in the case of 1, [Person] is Satou-san, and [Thing] is Hana.

Not only “Giving/Receiving verbs”, some other transitive verbs also become a sentence like 2’. Let’s expand the concept of “[Person] ni [Thing] o” to some verbs.

The following words are used in today’s sentences;

– Kurasumeeto: noun; classmate

– Nohto: noun; notebook

– Gakusei: noun; student

– Tomodachi: noun; friend

– Messeeji: noun; message

– Denwa: noun; telephone

– kashimasu: transitive verb; lend

– oshiemasu: tranisitive verb; teach

– okurimasu: transitive verb; send

– kakemasu: transitive verb; (“Denwa o kakemasu” = make a phone call)

Example: Watashi wa Kurasumeeto ni Nohto o Kashimasu.

(I lend my notebook to a classmate.)

Think about how the particle “o” and “ni” fit in the following sentences.

Q1 : Watashi wa Gakusei__ Nihongo __ Oshiemasu.

Q2 : Watashi wa Tomodachi__ Messeeji__ Okurimasu.

Q3 : Watashi wa Denwa__ Sensei__ Kakemasu.

Answers for Q1 to Q3 will be shown tomorrow.